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COUNTRY TRAINING FROM ARGENTINA 1880: LATIN AMERICA SINCE 1880

Roca Government (1880-1886)

With Rock as president of the nation begins a period of political and constitutional stability and economic prosperity.

"Peace and Progress" His motto was, it was necessary as soon as an internal order to achieve the country's economic growth.

Argentina should be a rich and modern country and its capital would be comparable to the great European capitals.

The new political regime was due to alberdianas ideas, get a country where people have all sorts of civil liberties, such as buying, selling, studying, teaching, etc. but excluded from the political sector, it should be reserved only for the most educated and skilled people to govern.

These men leaders, responsible for leading the country politically and economically mostly belonged to a traditional elite of some 400 Creole landowning families, cultures and social life very similar and with great economic power that are linked by common interests regarding export and foreign trade in the products they produced. They are called the generation of 80 and were considered the fathers of country or patricians.

The political party of the elite was known as the PAN, and it was not a political party with the modern concept, but rather a group of men with economic power responding to a person with leadership characteristics, either by nature or by his power.

The PAN ( National Autonomist Party) article political relations between president, congressmen, senators and provincial governors to consolidate his political power only in the country. A deputy could be later senator and a senator to be governor and in turn this would be deputy governor, only changing their seats.

These politicians used every weapon at their disposal to control the power and dominate the people, either through bribes, gifts, rewards, family relations, etc.., on the other side people were not organized to create a strong opposition.

In practice there were elections, but always won the one already decided by the elite, ie they resorted to electoral fraud, the vote was well sung, and were forced by thugs to vote the candidate chosen. These governments are called voters, also referred to this period as oligarchy or conservative, conservative political power.

This system Election of Representatives could be maintained until the first financial crisis of 1890, where the people and most organized religion and began to question this type of fraudulent practices, demanding laws to democratize political life.

All these men were leaders of the positivist kind, ie, they were convinced that progress was directly related to the advancement of science. Think of how the technology of that time changed the lives of all citizens: the telephone, telegraph, rail, cold, wind mills, agricultural machinery, electricity, etc. They encouraged the investigation.

also advocated economic liberalism, but political, in that respect they were conservative, it excluded the popular sectors of political freedoms, they believed that only they could rule, only they were capable of driving Argentina's policy.

(Political Liberalism stands for freedom and equality of all citizens before the law, and seeks the welfare of most people.)

Some Important Reforms In The government of Julio A. Rock:

• Monetary Reform, will unify the national currency and forbade the use of provincial coins. (We used the gold standard, which was the international standard), because until that time there national currency anarchy.
• was created Staff of the Army, and organized it, culminating in the Military Service Act in 1901, or Law Richiere. (The conflict with Chile accelerated this process)
• Act was enacted the National Territories , Which he placed under the executive branch created 9 new governorates in the territories conquered during the campaign against the Indians. Tierra del Fuego, Chubut, Santa Cruz, La Pampa, Neuquén, Black River, Chaco, Formosa, Misiones.
• Law 1420 of Common Education , the education free, compulsory and secular for all inhabitants of 6 and 14 years. Moving to the Church of this educational activity, which until then was the only one responsible for that function. At the time of 100, 90 people were illiterate.
The
• Civil Registration Act, which the Church carried the control of birth and death, now I think the Civil Register by the State, and later established the Marriage Act
• The Meeting of Pedagogy Conference and the University Law .
• Create the City of Buenos Aires.
• Creates the National Mortgage Bank
• Approves the Penal Code
• delivered the Residence Act, which by deport any alien rebel, who disturb public order